Automation testing frameworks

So, we have concluded on the test cases to be automated. Next step is to find out what framework fits our requirement of the project.

Automation framework is a set of rules or guidelines one must follow to automate the testing process. Its simply a way of defining what fits where.

The determining factor for choosing the framework is how our testing works. This will be defined in the test strategy in the test plan of a release.

We can classify the frameworks in to
Record and Playback

1. Record and Playback : Simple form of automation. It records the users actions and plays back them. Application is expected to have same variables every time the playback is run.
Comes with the disadvantage that objects on the page cannot change no matter what.





2. Library architecture framework: There is a main "driver" class or file that accesses the remembered objects on the page or objects from POM, libraries, data files, utils and property files. The driver mocks the user actions like click on a button, open link etc using the library functions. Comes with the disadvantage that a lot of planning is required and technical expertise is required.


Keyword driven
3.  Keyword framework: The same driver of the above framework accesses the functions using the keywords. Mostly used in QTP. In Selenium, this gets translated to accessing methods and classes using their respective names. Comes with the advantage of high code reuse ability. Works well with engineers with little or no knowledge of scripting or java

4. Data driven framework: When there is a lot of different types of data one needs to test the same test against, its good to go for data driven framework, In this, the data is stored in the excels or accessed directly from the database. The database connections are pre-established in a different function or a class and calling that class will do the operation of accessing data
Data Driven
5. Hybrid framework: This is a mixture of data driven, library and a keyword architecture. Its the most efficient framework that can be divsed to use on any application.

6. Behavior driven framework: Its a tool of choice with selenium. It makes use of simple english to describe the test steps to be automated and thats Gherkins for you. First the development team, Product Management team, QA team sit around and write the tests based on user expectation or behavior of the module in simple english. These are called test scripts. By the time the code is ready, the test scripts will also be ready. Then engineers can code for these test scripts and complete the automation of testing new feature or module.

Behavior driven framework is nicely described in the diagram here. 

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